core principle：Utilizing high-temperature plasticity of metals（general 1000–1250℃），Crush coarse grains in the as cast state、Internal welding defects，Continuously distribute metal flow lines along the direction of force，Significantly improve mechanical performance（Increased tensile strength 20%–40%，F(xiàn)atigue life improvement 1–3 times）。

Common materials：carbon steel（45#）、alloy structural steel（42CrMo、34CrNiMo6）、Stainless steel and high-temperature alloys，Adapt to different scenarios from ordinary machinery to aerospace。

key process：Free forging（Large items，Like a power plant rotor）、die forging（Batch precision parts，Like gears）、Rolling ring（ring-shaped part，Like wind turbine flange）、Diameter forging（Long axis component，Like an axle）。

Application status：energy、heavy industry、rail transit、aerospace “skeleton”，Like wind turbine spindle、Main bearings of shield tunneling machine、high-speed rail axle、The core components such as aviation landing gear are all forged steel parts。